Vacuum Clamping:
sometimes
Vacuum Pressing.
Employing air pressure, a method of gluing slices of veneer to
substrate. However, vacuum pressing can encompass numerous other gluing
tasks, where larger surface flat areas of a project need to be
forced together with pressure.
Sources: David Shath Square, The
Veneering Book. Newtown, CT: Taunton Press, 1995;
Greg Elder, "Vacuum Veneering", Fine Woodworking no
56 (January-February 1996), pages 70-71; Jeff Jewitt, "Buyer's Guide to
Vacuum Veneering", American Woodworker no
44 (April 1995), pages 50-53; [Anonymous] "Vacuum Clamping System", ShopNotes
no 40 (July 1998), pages 16-25.
Variable-Speed:
As in variable-speed headstock
(for work with a Lathe)
or variable-speed
electric motor (for work with a Router) .
Variable-speed motors,
in the generally accepted use of the term, are motors where the rate of
rotation is adjusted by a controller. The intention of the variable
speed function in a tool is safety of the tool's operator. On a Router,
for example, an overly large Bit, rotating at
24,000 rpms, is dangerous. However, if the rotation rate is reduced to
10,000 rpms, the chances of an accident that will injure the router's
operator is greatly reduced.
Veneers and Veneering:
Thin pieces of wood, usually sliced with a bandsaw. This operation is
called Resawing.Veneer is used
for covering an inferior piece of material in furniture, an
operation that gives a superior appearance and greater strength
with reduced cost.
Veneering has a lengthy history. Practiced by the Greeks during the Ancient era, the skill was rediscovered in the Middle Ages by the Ialian, Filippo Brunelleschi, 1377 - 1446. In 1565
the first veneer mill was set up at Augsburg in Germany by a man named Georg Renner. According to John Yeats, "Veneering mills for precision cutting of stained and rare types of wood were invented in the 16th century by Georg Renner of Augsburg. The men of Nuremberg and Augsburg were excellent cabinet-makers."
Sources: John Yeats, The Technical History of Commerce: Or, Skilled Labour Applied to Production
1878, page 247; JD Wallace and Margaret S. Wallace, "From
the Master Cabinetmakers to Woodworking Machinery", CHICAGO, ILL., President, J. D. Wallace & Co. Mem. ASME, Northwestern
University, Evanston, Ill, Contributed by the Wood Industries Division and presented in the Proceedings
at the Annual Meeting, of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New York, December 2, 1929; Herman Hjorth, Forty
Pieces of Furniture Milwaukee: Bruce Publishing Comapny, 1939, pages 1-33; [Anonymous] "Vacuum Clamping System", ShopNotes
no 40 (July 1998), pages 16-25; David Shath
Square, The Veneering Book.
Newtown, CT: Taunton Press, 1995; Jeff Jewitt, "Buyer's Guide to Vacuum
Veneering", American Woodworker no
44 (April 1995), pages 50-53; [Anonymous] "Vacuum Clamping System", ShopNotes
no 40 (July 1998), pages 16-25.
See article on marquetry in Encyclopedia Britannica
1911:
http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/M/MA/MARQUETRY.htm
under
construction
Vise, Vice: An
essential tool, operationally, an accessory on Workbenches.
Vises consist of two flat plate-like parts, which -- by tightening a
screw -- can be drawn together for securing a workpiece while it is cut
or smoothed.
("In American English, the "moral fault is spelled vice,
while the clamping tool is spelled vise. In
British English, vice is the preferred spelling for both the fault and
the tool."
Merriam-Webster's Dictionary of English Usage,
1994, p. 940).
Vises consist of two
flat plate-like parts, which -- by tightening a screw -- can be drawn
together for securing a workpiece while it is cut or smoothed.
("In American English, the "moral fault is spelled vice,
while the clamping tool is spelled vise. In
British English, vice is the preferred spelling for both the fault and
the tool."
Merriam-Webster's Dictionary of English Usage,
1994, p. 940).
Below, on the left, is the more commonly used, quick-action metal vise.
On the right, is the older style, tightened by a screw, but lacking the
utility of "quick-action" for convenient tightening or loosening.
The example on the left comes from Ernest Joyce, The
Encyclopedia of Furniture Making,
1979, page 56; the example on the right is from Arthur Wakeling,
The
Home Workshop Manual, 1930, p. 435. In
the image on the right, in the lower section, notice the "follower";
according to the size of the workpiece being secured, the follower
secures the lower part of the vise.
 
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