Quadrant: A metal support for
holding lids of chests and cases, and drop fronts of desks.
(Source: Home Craftsman
4 March-April 1935, page 172)
Quarter-round: A rounded convex
cut on a Molding or a complete molding which in
cross-section is a quarter of a circle.
(Source: Home Craftsman
4 January-February 1935 page 124)
Quarter Sawn:
Wood cut radially from a log.
Quill: [under construction] The sleeve of a drill
press or lathe headstock in which the spindle is
mounted. On the vertically mounted drill-press, the quill moves up and
down; on the horizonitally-mounted drill press, and the lathe,
the quill moves back and forth. The quill -- which does not rotate --
serves a cylindrical housing to keep the spindle secure as it
rotates. The quill usually has teeth in which a pinion engages to control
the movement. (Source: adapted from Home Craftsman
4
January-February 1935 page 124. The original definition was couched in
rather confusingly, so I tried to clean it up a bit. I admit greater
interest in the origin and background history of "quill" than most
terms of woodworking. cabriole and Windsor chair are other woodworking
terms that are different, perhaps because of the history underlying
their coinage. Quill,
in particular, stands out. "Hollow sleeve that houses a rotating
spindle" seems simple enough, I guess, until you begin thinking about
how the term quill was applied to the concept of a sleeve for housing a
spindle.  After
a fruitless search in etymology dictionaries, and the like, I have
concluded that no one has speculated on the origin of the meaning of
quill as a sleeve. I have a theory though, even if it sounds far
fetched. Think of a old timey pen, fashioned out of a feather. The
feather's central component, (ie, the harder, central element
that grows out of a bird's body and gives support to the feather)
is hollow, and with its hollowness, and that it can be sharpened, means
that feathers can be used as crude pens. This fact was discovered many
generations ago. Not a physicist, but knowing a little about how
liquids such as ink behave in certain situations -- here I am thinking
of capillary action -- the quill of the feather acts as a "sleeve" for
the ink. Could the first attempt at fashioning a quill for the first
drill press had a feather's quill in mind while inventing the
mechanism? Far fetched? Probably! But stranger things have happened in
giving meaning to terms. I'll let this stand until some better
explantion comes along.)
Below in the box is part of the OED entry on quill:
[Patent] 34,335.—J. F. Sargent (assignor to Elmer Townsend), of Boston, Mass., for Improvement in Machines for Pegging Boots and Shoes:
I
claim as a new machine the combination of the mechanism for operating
the awl, peg driver, and for feeding the work, with the mechanism for
cutting and feeding the peg work, all being arranged compactly in the
frame, A, or its equivalent, and operated by the cams and levers,
arranged substantially as and for the purposes described.
I
also claim the pendulum or stying piece, H, having the awl and
peg-driver carrier. L, the throat piece, b, the peg box, W, the
pointing mechanism and pegwood feeder, arranged and applied thereto, or
connected therewith, as set forth, in combination with so applying such
pendulum to a quill or sleeve, F, disposed on the driving
shaft, B, or on a stud or arm arranged just above or below the same,
that s whole may be caused to operate together in manner and for the
purpose set forth.
I also claim combining
and arranging with a vibrating peg box and peg-wood feeder, constructed
as described, a stationary knife, whereby the pegs are severed from the
peg strip, in manner as set forth.
I
claim so constructing and applying the throat piece or block to the
pendulum, H, as to have no vertical movement, in combination with so
forming and applying the retainer that it may have a short vertical
movement, whereby the two are made to operate together in manner as set
forth.
Source: Scientific American, New Series, Volume 6, issue 8, February 22, 1862, page 125. |
c. The hollow steel mandrel of a seal-engraver's lathe, into which the engraving tools are fitted.
1875 KNIGHT Dict. Mech. 2081/2 The quill is of steel, about 2 inches long and  inch in diameter.
d. A hollow sleeve rotating in bearings which is used to transmit the drive from a motor to a concentrically-mounted axle.
1910 Engineering
12 Aug. 246/3 A gearless concentric motor for each driving-axle is
mounted on a quill flexibly connected to the driving-wheels.
1930 Ibid. 6 June 722/1 Two
new types of drive had been developed... The first consisted of a
geared quill surrounding the driving axle and carrying two crankpins,
the latter being connected by a flexible linkage to two crankpins on
the driving wheels.
1968 D. W. & M. H INDE Electr. Traction Systems & Equipment
ii. 32/2 A certain amount of experimental work has been carried out
with the motor armature shaft of the hollow or quill pattern.
1975 BRAM & D OWNS Manuf. Technol. vii. 208 The spindle rotates in the quill to provide the rotary motion for cutting tools. Source: Oxford English Dictionary
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The
head is fastened to the upper end of the column. It has a central shaft
or spindle, which rotates in a sleeve called the quill. The quill,
together with the spindle, is moved up or down either by a single bar
or by a wheel having three or four spokes or bars with a ball on the
end of each. The quill has a stroke or travel from 3" to 4", Fig. 3. It
is automatically re-turned to its normal position by a spring. Machines
for production work are equipped with a power feed or treadle
arrangement.
Source: Milton Gunerman, How to Operate Your Power Tools New York: Home Craftsman Publishing Corp., 1950, page 41; the image on the left comes from the same page. |
The text in the box below comes from R J DeCristoforo's first Shopsmith "Bible", the 1953 edition of Power Tool Woodworking for Everyone, a woodworker's manual treasured by owners of the original Shopsmith model 10E and 10ER. (Click here for more about DeCristoforo.)
Two years later, when the Shopsmith Mark IV his the market,
DeCristoforo updated his first edition to reflect the changes the Mark
IV contained. And in 1955 edition of Power Tool Woodworking for Everyone, DeCristoforo
expands on his explanation of the mechanics of the quill on the drill
press and othe similar woodworking tools with headstocks. (By
his own admission, DeCristoforo wrote both the 1953 and 1955 Shopsmith
manuals for woodworking tools in general, not just for the Shopsmith.
Notice, though, that on the Shopsmith, the quill sleeve is activated by
a lever, not a crank or a wheel, as indicated in the Lammey fragment,
below DeCristoforo. )
.... The
quill (the sleeve in which the spindle rotates) has a feed of 4 inches
and is returned to its starting position by a coiled spring enclosed in
a case on the switch side of the head-stock. [See details of
DeCristoforo's explanation of the quill in the image of the anatomy of the Shopsmith headstock on this page.]The
factory-adjusted spring can be re-adjusted to strengthen or weaken the
pull with which it returns the quill. Normally, it should return
smoothly and without shock. The quill assembly is moved downward by a
feed lever which actuates a rack and pinion gear. One or more feed
levers can be set in feed knobs on either side of the headstock, and a
little more than one complete revolution of the knob extends the quill
the maximum 4 inches. The quill lock lever will secure the quill in any
extended position. The stroke may be set for a predetermined depth by
using the stop nuts on the depth stop rod, which is secured to the
gauge collar. Direct readings may be taken from the indicator fastened
against the spring housing on the pinion shaft....
Source: R J DeCristoforo Power Tool Woodworking for Everyone New York: McGraw-Hill, 1953, page 78 [link is to 1984 edition]
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Quill are activated by both levers and cranks/wheels: ...
Slide the tailstock back on the bed to the required distance to take
the stock between the centers. Place the left end of the stock on the
spur center and raise the opposite end so that the point of the dead
center will enter the center hole in the stock when the tailstock quill is run forward by turning the handwheel or crank. ...
Source: W. Clyde Lammey, Power Tools and How to Use Them Chicago: Popular Mechanics Press, 1950, page 59.
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(Sources: Home Craftsman
4 January-February 1935; R J DeCristoforo Power Tool Woodworking for Everyone New York: McGraw-Hill, 1953)
Queen Anne Leg:
see Cabriole _________________________________________________________________________
Quill Feed:
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