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Landscape panel: A wood Panel in which the grain runs horizontally rather than vertically.
(Source: Home Craftsman 4 March-April 1935, page 172
Lap Joint: A method of attaching two workpieces, where half the thickness is removed from both pieces -- a Rabbet -- to form a Joint with the same thickness as the original.
Lathe: click here for extended entryLathe Chuck:
Lineal Foot: [under construction 2-17-07] Having length only, pertaining to a line one foot long, as distinguished from a square foot or cubic foot or Board Foot. See also Measurement.
Lineshaft Drives: [under construction 2-21-07]
(The following is adapted from Warren Devine): The impact of the shift from steam to electric power in manufacturing should not be forgotten. Between 1880 and 1930, for example, the production and distribution of mechanical power rapidly evolved from water and steam prime movers with shaft and belt drive systems to electric motors that drove individual machines. (More on the impact of the individual motor later.)
With electrification, the energy required to drive machinery was greatly reduced, and industry obtained greater output per unit of capital and labor input. "Reduced energy needs and increased productivity in manufacturing influenced the relationship between energy consumption and gross national product in the first three decades of the twentieth century".
I feel extremely fortunate in locating two photos that depict vividly an important component in woodworking history, and especially given that the differences in scale are so remarkable.
(The 1887 photo on the left shows a scene in the classroom for woodworking course at the St Louis (Missouri) Manual Training School (Established 1879). The photo on the right demonstrates how a home workshop can be set-up in 1930, with a Delta line of power tools, all driven by a fractional horsepower motor, thanks to the widespread availability of electric power for domestic use in the 1920s.)
Drive power is the issue. Today, we take for granted that a single electric motor drives each tool. Such an achievement betrays the long struggle woodworking -- along with other similar industries -- had to contend with (--- more later -- written 2-21-07)
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Sources:
Calvin Milton Woodward (b. 1837-d. 1914)
The manual training school, comprising a full
statement of its aims, methods, and results, with
figured drawings of shop exercises in woods and metals.
Boston, D. C. Heath & co., 1887, page 26; Herbert E.
Tautz and Clyde J. Fruits, The modern
motor-driven woodworking shop; how to plan, operate and
get the most out of it,
Milwaukee, Wis., Woodworkers educational department
(Division of Delta manufacturing co.), 1930, page 38;
Judson H. Mansfield, "Woodworking Machinery: History of
Development from 1852—1952", Mechanical
Engineering: The Journal of the American Society of
Mechanical Engineers, December 1952, pages
983-995; Warren D. Devine, Jr., "From Shafts to Wires:
Historical Perspective on Electrification,"
Journal of Economic
History 43 (1983): 347-372 [This is the
article that started my quest for background on the
impact of the lineshaft drive systems.];Jesse H. Ausubel
and Cesare Marchetti, "Elektron: Electrical Systems in
Retrospect and Prospect"
Daedalus 125(3):139-169 (Summer 1996)
Link Belt : Drive belt for a saw made up of separate links. Will not normally acquire a 'set' if the saw is not used for an extended time.
This example of a Link Belt, [image needed] comes from the Woodcraft website
Left-Tilting Blade: See Right-Tilting Blade.
Leisure:
Sources:
Linenfold: [good account and diagrams in blackburn 1997]
Lock-Miter Joint: a Profile common in Shaper Cutters and Router Bits.
Loose Tenon: [temp -- cross ref will take readers to Mortise and Tenon eventually] both parts of the workpieces to be joined are Mortised with a separate tenon to hold them together. Differs from a traditional mortise and tenon which has the tenon as an integral part of the end grain part of the Mortise and Tenon joint. See Floating Tenon.
Lumber Grading:
Grades of Lumber
Source: William H Johnson and Louis V. Newkirk. General Woodworking. New York: Macmillan, 1946. pages 6-7.
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Page 107, James Elliot Defebaugh History of the Lumber Industry in America Chicago, American lumberman,1906-1907 page 107, a book available on the Internet, through Google Print.
Sources: James Elliot Defebaugh. History of the Lumber Industry in America. Chicago, American lumberman,1906-1907 ; William H Johnson and Louis V. Newkirk. General Woodworking. New York: Macmillan, 1946; Walter E Durbahn, "What You Should Know About Lumber", American Magazine 1954, page 67